From Observer, November
The future of artificial intelligence isn’t just being built in research labs—it’s being shaped by a small circle of power players who control the capital, strategy and vision of the industry’s biggest breakthroughs. From tech executives to investors and policy architects, these leaders are determining what A.I. becomes, what it prioritizes and how it impacts society. Meet the movers who are deciding the direction of the world’s most transformative technology.
The most powerful people in A.I. wield unparalleled influence over the future of the industry for one simple reason: money drives innovation. Unlike other sectors where progress can be piecemeal or self-sustaining, A.I. requires massive financial investment for research, computing power and the assembly of top-tier talent. This capital doesn’t just fund ideas—it dictates which ideas get to exist in the first place.
These power brokers—venture capitalists, tech titans, institutional investors and policymakers—decide which A.I. projects get the resources to move from a garage experiment to a world-changing product. They determine who has the financial runway to attract the best minds, access the latest hardware and afford the astronomical costs of scaling models that can gobble up millions of dollars in GPU hours just to train. Their decisions shape which innovations become mainstream and which remain stuck in the lab, no matter how groundbreaking they might be.
Even more crucially, controlling capital means setting the priorities and ethics of the field. Investors aren’t just picking winners and losers; they’re defining what “winning” looks like. By choosing to fund certain projects over others, they implicitly endorse particular applications, risks and philosophies about what A.I. should—and shouldn’t—do. When the industry’s most prominent backers pour billions into autonomous weapons, mass surveillance or unregulated A.I. models, they signal to the world that these are the avenues worth pursuing. Conversely, if they back startups focused on human-centric, ethical A.I. or technologies that enhance rather than replace human labor, they set a very different precedent for what the future holds.
The stakes are monumental because the flow of capital influences not only what products get built but also the rules governing them. Investors like Andreessen Horowitz, SoftBank, and even the VC arms of companies like Microsoft and Google have a vested interest in ensuring favorable regulatory conditions, meaning they can shape policy debates and public perceptions just as effectively as any lobbyist. The result is an industry roadmap that’s dictated less by technical feasibility and more by financial might.
In short, the people steering capital don’t just grease the wheels of A.I. innovation—they hold the keys to the car, the map and even the road itself. They’re deciding which risks to take, which ethical dilemmas to confront or ignore, and which futures are worth pursuing, making them the ultimate gatekeepers of A.I.’s trajectory.
A.I. Power List: Criteria Breakdown
The criteria defined below (risk, impact, speed and growth) are not just boxes to tick; they are the lens through which we view the tectonic shifts in A.I. over the last two years—a period marked by unprecedented investments, headline-grabbing acquisitions and bold, sometimes controversial, moves that will define the landscape for years to come.
RISK
Risk-takers are the ones who change the game. At Google, Eric Schmidt instituted a policy allowing employees to devote 20 percent of their time to any project they’d like. It was a risky move in the name of innovation that more narrow-minded leaders might dismiss as wasteful of resources or low ROI. But, as Schmidt tells Observer, “This helped foster a culture of creative thinking and interdisciplinarity at the company, generating some of our most successful initiatives. In the age of A.I., innovation will similarly come from taking risks and experimenting with bold, new ideas.”Whether it’s a venture capitalist betting the farm on an unproven A.I. startup or a CEO pivoting an entire company’s strategy towards A.I., these individuals have made bold moves that could pay off spectacularly or lead to colossal failure. But it’s precisely this willingness to gamble that sets them apart from the cautious majority. Take, for instance, Tesla’s audacious push to integrate A.I. into autonomous driving, a move that could revolutionize transportation—or violently implode. The jury’s still out, but the risk is undeniable.
IMPACT
The individuals on this list have had a measurable influence on how A.I. is developed, deployed and regulated—impacting the future of policy, culture and the flow of capital across borders and industries. Think of the billions of dollars funneled into A.I. research and development. Consider the mergers and acquisitions that have shifted the balance of power in the tech industry. When Microsoft backed OpenAI with a multi-billion-dollar investment, it wasn’t just a vote of confidence in A.I.—it was a strategic move to dominate the next frontier of technology. Of course, these ideas and actions create titans of tech. More importantly, they define the next generation of leaders in culture and policy.From the start, Congresswoman Yvette Clarke has championed the need for inclusive and equitable A.I. policies that benefit all communities, particularly those historically marginalized. She’s tirelessly pushed for comprehensive legislation that addresses the social and economic impacts of A.I. to ensure that such advancements do not exacerbate existing inequalities.
“The only way ahead is to establish comprehensive policies prioritizing the rights and privacy rights of all Americans,” Clarke tells Observer. “Digital environments do not take away our civil liberties, and substantial regulation is necessary to ensure they never do. Moving forward, all discussions on A.I. must focus on pursuing responsible advancement.”
SPEED
In A.I., speed is everything. The pace at which these leaders move—whether by starting earlier than their competitors or accelerating faster than the rest—sets them apart. Well before ChatGPT became a punchline for late-adopters, traditionalists and critics, Jeff McMillan tapped OpenAI to create a personal assistant for Morgan Stanley’s advisors to chat with, tapping into a large portion of its collective knowledge. Under McMillan’s leadership, the investment bank is leveraging data and organizational AGI to create a massive competitive advantage.“A.I. innovation requires a deep curiosity about the world and how it works and the creativity to imagine new possibilities and solutions,” McMillan tells Observer. “Being open-minded is crucial. This means being receptive to new ideas, perspectives and techniques.”
Technology is defined by its breakneck pace; today’s innovation is tomorrow’s standard. Like McMillan, the leaders on our list have consistently been ahead of the curve, setting trends rather than following them. Consider the recent wave of AI-driven startups that have secured record-breaking funding in mere weeks, capitalizing on the frenzy of investor interest in machine learning and automation. Mistral AI, not two years old, has soared to a $6 billion valuation. These leaders are moving so fast that they’re not just keeping up with the future but creating it.
GROWTH
The people on this list aren’t just influential now—they’re poised to continue their ascent. Multiple indicators indicate that these individuals are likely to keep pushing the envelope, advancing their industries and driving the A.I. narrative forward.“I was inspired by the idea that there could be a few simple principles, like the laws of physics, that would explain our intelligence and allow us to build intelligent machines,” Yoshua Bengio, one of the most widely cited scientists in the world, tells Observer. Looking ahead, he adds, “I hope we will have solved the riddle of how to design A.I. that is safe from catastrophic misuse and loss of control.”
From the steady stream of innovations emerging from their labs to their growing influence over policy, culture and public perception, these Power Listers are far from reaching their peak. The recent surge in A.I. patents, the increasing number of A.I.-driven products hitting the market, and the escalating arms race for A.I. talent all point to a future where their influence will only grow.
Over the last two years, A.I. has evolved from a buzzword to a transformative force in nearly every sector. The people on this list aren’t just participants in the revolution—they lead it. They’re strategists, risk-takers and visionaries. These people are shaping the future, one bold move at a time. And in the fast-paced, high-stakes world of A.I., there’s no prize for second place.
